What the loop actually doesRecording works down the length of the disk, gets to the end, returns to the front and writes new video where the old video sat. Leave the unit with power and the cycle simply goes round again. Nothing is deleted, nothing gathers anywhere for you to retrieve, and no undo exists to reach for.
Nobody can quote you a windowNot down the telephone, and not from a model number. The answer comes out of which disk was fitted, the number of cameras writing onto it, the resolution and frame rate, the codec, and whether recording runs continuously or on movement. A figure offered without sight of the system is a guess.
The one place with the answerOn the unit itself. The playback calendar will show an oldest date for each camera: note them down. That is where you stand today, and it advances with every hour the recorder keeps its power. Do this before you touch anything else.
What being written over really meansOne value at a time is all a block on a disk holds. The moment new video takes that block, what was in it is finished, and no earlier layer sits underneath waiting to be recovered. Cross part of your period and fragments usually remain, which we go after. Cross the whole of it and nothing at all comes back — whatever any firm may tell you.